Nicotine is a naturally occurring neuroactive alkaloid found in Nicotiana tabacum, predominantly existing in the (S)-enantiomer form (>90%). Its molecular structure comprises a pyrrolidine and pyridine ring with a single chiral center, making it a key component in vape and e-liquid products. The US FDA has regulated tobacco-derived nicotine (TDN) under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (2009) and the Deeming Rule (2016). Analyzing nicotine enantiomers is crucial for distinguishing TDN from synthetic or tobacco-free nicotine (TFN) and assessing its pharmacological impact. E-cigarettes often contain both nicotine enantiomers, whereas TDN and its analogs are almost exclusively single enantiomers. Historically, the analysis of chiral nicotinoid separations has been challenging and time-consuming. Previous efforts to analyze tobacco products relied on polarimetry or nuclear magnetic resonance with chiral complexing agents. Meanwhile, gas and liquid chromatographic methods with chiral columns have been slow, requiring approximately 10 to 159 minutes. For high-throughput analysis, these slow and sophisticated methods are not feasible. This presentation will focus on the evolution of chiral nicotinoid separations, followed by ultra-fast and selective enantiomeric separations. We report enantiomeric separations as fast as 15 seconds. In this era, we must also consider the environmental burden of chromatography alongside developing rapid separation methods. This discussion will also highlight green compressed fluid chromatography results for tobacco product analysis.
WEBINAR