Title
Simultaneous absorption of UV–vis and circular dichroism to measure enantiomeric concentrations of praziquantel under nonlinear conditions
Author
F.C. Cunha, R.C. de Holand, A.R. Secchi, M.B.de Souza Jr, A.G. Barreto Jr
Year
2020
Journal
Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy Volume 241, 5 November 2020, 118645
Abstract
Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law is for a limiting case and, therefore, it is not useful to describe the relationship between absorption signal and enantiomer concentration in a stream when there are nonlinear phenomena present. In this work, the Chiral Detector (CD-2095 JASCO) equipment was used to measure simultaneously the UV–Vis and circular dichroism (CD) signals of a stream with different compositions of praziquantel enantiomers. The tested models were calibrated (parameter estimation) and validated using the Leave-One-Out Cross Validation (LOOCV) method. Both UV–vis and CD signals were absorbed differently in mixtures in comparison to pure solutions, indicating a nonlinear relationship between the absorbed signal and the enantiomer concentration in a mixture stream. Empirical mathematical relationships were tested for each signal (UV–vis and CD) and the pair of equations was evaluated using the Mean Square Error (MSE) metric for each enantiomer concentration (MSEL and MSED) and the pair of equations with the smallest MSEt (=MSEL + MSED) metric was chosen. Confidence interval analysis helped to find even simpler equations in comparison to the chosen ones. Higher nonlinearity was observed for a mixture with low L-PZQ concentration. The developed methodology allowed the choice of an empiric model to give good predictions in a wide range of concentration, what is of utmost importance for monitoring and automatic control purposes, for instance.
Instrument
CD-2095, J-1500
Keywords
Spectroscopy, Chiral detection, Dual detector, Online monitoring, Pharmaceutical drug,praziquantel