Characterization of Cimex lectularius (bedbug) defensin peptide and its antimicrobial activity against human skin microflora

July 28, 2017

Title

Characterization of Cimex lectularius (bedbug) defensin peptide and its antimicrobial activity against human skin microflora

Author

Akanksha Kaushal, Kajal Gupta, Monique L. van Hoek

Year

2016

Journal

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides are components of both vertebrate and invertebrate innate immune systems that are expressed in response to exposure to bacterial antigens. Naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides from evolutionarily ancient species have been extensively studied and are being developed as potential therapeutics against antibiotic resistant microorganisms. In this study, a putative Cimex lectularius (bedbug, CL) defensin is characterized for its effectiveness against human skin flora including Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The bedbug defensin (CL-defensin), belonging to family of insect defensins, is predicted to have a characteristic N-terminal loop, an α-helix, and an antiparallel β-sheet, which was supported by circular dichroism spectroscopy. The defensin was shown to be antimicrobial against Gram-positive bacteria commonly found on human skin (Micrococcus luteus, Corynebacterium renale, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis); however, it was ineffective against common skin Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa andAcinetobacter baumannii) under low-salt conditions. CL-defensin was also effective against M. luteus and C. renale in high-salt (MIC) conditions. Our studies indicate that CL-defensin functions by depolarization and pore-formation in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.

Instrument

J-1500

Keywords

Circular dichroism, Protein folding, Secondary structure, Biochemistry