Title
Reduced Graphene Oxide-Oligonucleotide Interfaces: Understanding Based on Electrochemical Oxidation of Guanines
Author
Anjong Florence Tikum, Jeong Won Ko, Soojin Kim, Jinheung Kim
Year
2018
Journal
ACS Omega
Abstract
Investigation into the interactions between biomolecules DNA/RNA and carbon nanomaterials is very important for applications in bioassays and bioanalysis. Graphene and graphene oxide (GO) have been successfully adopted by exploiting the binding affinity difference between single-stranded oligonucleotides (ssDNA) and double-stranded oligonucleotides (dsDNA) to graphene sheets. In this work, we describe the electrochemical DNA oxidation with [Ru(bpy)3]2+ to understand the interaction between dsDNA (and corresponding ssDNA) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The electrochemical oxidation rate of guanine bases of ssDNA bound to rGO by electrochemically generated [Ru(bpy)3]3+ was much slower than those unbound to rGO. Our study revealed that ssDNA constrained on rGO was significantly protected from the electron transfer to [Ru(bpy)3]3+ because of π,π-stacking interaction between nucleobases and rGO. On the other hand, the oxidation rates of 11-, 20-, and 27-mer dsDNA bound to rGO increased relative to those of dsDNA alone, demonstrating that the guanine bases of dsDNA on the interaction with rGO became more accessible to [Ru(bpy)3]3+. Our electrochemical data illustrated that dsDNA could be totally or partially dehybridized and bind to rGO to form ssDNA/rGO. Furthermore, absorption, circular dichroism spectra, and fluorescence measurements of ethidium bromide using ssDNA and dsDNA with rGO supported the dehybridization of dsDNA in the presence of rGO.
Instrument
J-810
Keywords
Circular dichroism, DNA structure, Nanostructures, Chemical stability, Biochemistry, Materials