Title
The toxic effects of alizarin red S on catalase at the molecular level
Author
Shimeng Hu, Dong Yuan, Yang Liu, Lining Zhao, Hongli Guo, Qigui Niu, Wansong Zong, Rutao Liu
Year
2019
Journal
RSC Advances
Abstract
Alizarin red S (ARS) is a widespread mordant dye derived from alizarin. However, it was reported to be mutagenic and carcinogenic probably because it could induce oxidative damages in organisms. Catalase (CAT) is an important antioxidant enzyme defensing oxidative damages induced by xenobiotics. The underlying mechanisms of ARS interacting with CAT have not been clarified yet. This study is conducted to characterize the functional and conformational changes on CAT by ARS and the binding details to further investigate their interaction mechanisms. Under exposure of ARS at 5 μM, CAT activity was significantly decreased to 76.2%. Inhibition of CAT probably resulted in promotion of intracellular oxidative stress and pro-oxidant property of ARS. The interaction between ARS and CAT was proved to be spontaneous and exothermic. However, limited structural changes were observed according to spectroscopic results. Results showed that ARS prefers to bind with residues buried in the active site and could alter the activity of CAT, which were agree with the molecular docking results. This work proves the adverse effects of ARS on CAT mainly at molecular level and further highlights its potential risks to heath.
Instrument
J-810
Keywords
Circular dichroism, Chemical stability, Ligand binding, Secondary structure, Biochemistry